Duolingo, Inc.

Annual Trend FY 2020 FY 2021 FY 2022 FY 2023 FY 2024 FY 2025
Revenues $161.7m $250.8m $369.5m $531.1m $748.0m $1.0b
Cost of revenues $46.0m $69.2m $99.4m $142.1m $203.6m $288.1m
Gross profit $115.7m $181.6m $270.1m $389.0m $544.4m $749.5m
Research and development $53.0m $103.8m $150.4m $194.4m $235.3m $306.3m
Total operating expenses $131.7m $241.6m $335.3m $402.3m $481.8m $613.9m
Income from operations ($16.0m) ($60.0m) ($65.2m) ($13.3m) $62.6m $135.6m
Sales and marketing $35.0m $59.2m $67.0m $75.8m $90.5m $125.7m
General and administrative $43.7m $78.6m $117.8m $132.1m $156.0m $181.9m
Other income $157k $318k $131k $590k $1.3m $3.4m
Income (loss) before interest income and income taxes ($15.9m) ($60.0m) ($65.9m) ($13.3m) $59.6m $137.2m
Interest income $231k $19k $7.2m $31.1m $42.7m $45.2m
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes $68k $177k $938k $1.7m $13.7m ($231.7m)
Comprehensive income ($15.8m) ($60.1m) ($59.6m) $16.1m $88.6m $414.1m
Income before income taxes ($15.7m) ($60.0m) ($58.6m) $17.8m $102.3m $182.4m
Net income ($15.8m) ($60.1m) ($59.6m) $16.1m $88.6m $414.1m
Net income per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders, basic (in usd per share) ($1) ($3) ($2) $0 $2 $9
Net income per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders, diluted (in usd per share) ($1) ($3) ($2) $0 $2 $9
Other expense ($85k) ($288k) ($807k) ($645k) ($4.3m) ($1.8m)
Other income (expense), net $303k $49k ($676k) ($55k) ($3.0m) $1.6m

Values abbreviated: b = billions, m = millions, k = thousands. Per share data in USD.